Which treatments are used in ovulation induction?

Ovulation induction treatment can vary depending on the underlying cause and the patient’s medical situation. The most common treatment options include:

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) — this oral medication is often used as a first-line treatment. It stimulates the hypothalamus to release more FSH and LH, allowing multiple follicles to mature and increasing the chance of ovulation.

Gonadotropins (injections) — if clomiphene citrate is not effective, gonadotropins (injections of FSH and/or LH) may be used. These hormones directly stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs and are often prescribed when stronger stimulation is required, such as in women with reduced ovarian reserve.

Letrozole — this medication is frequently used in women with PCOS, as it stimulates ovulation by reducing estrogen production, which increases FSH release.

Metformin — in women with PCOS, metformin (a medication commonly used for diabetes) may be prescribed to improve insulin sensitivity and support ovulation.